What Documents Do I Need to Buy a House?

A Complete Checklist for Buyers in 2025

Buying a home is one of the most important financial decisions you’ll make — and it involves quite a bit of paperwork. To ensure a smooth home-buying process, being prepared with the right documents is essential. Whether you’re a first-time buyer or seasoned investor, knowing exactly what documents lenders, real estate agents, and sellers require will save you time and stress.

Here’s a comprehensive checklist of the most important documents you need to buy a house in 2025, with explanations and trusted sources.

1. Proof of Identity

Your lender and real estate agent must verify your identity to comply with federal regulations and prevent fraud.

  • Valid government-issued photo ID (e.g., driver’s license, passport, or state ID)

  • Social Security Number (SSN) or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN)

Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
hud.gov

2. Proof of Income

Lenders need to confirm that you have a steady income to repay your mortgage.

  • Recent pay stubs (usually last 2-3 months)

  • W-2 forms from the past 2 years

  • If self-employed: tax returns (personal and business) for the last 2 years

  • Documentation of additional income (bonuses, alimony, social security benefits)

Source: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB)
consumerfinance.gov

3. Employment Verification

Lenders often verify your employment status directly with your employer or via documentation.

  • Contact information for your employer

  • A letter from your employer confirming your job status (sometimes required)

4. Proof of Funds and Assets

You’ll need to show you have enough money for the down payment, closing costs, and reserves.

  • Bank statements (last 2-3 months)

  • Statements from retirement accounts, stocks, or other investments

  • Documentation of gifts or grants used toward down payment (if applicable)

5. Pre-Approval Letter

Before making an offer, a mortgage pre-approval letter shows sellers you’re a serious buyer.

  • Issued by a lender after reviewing your financials

  • Specifies the loan amount you qualify for

Source: National Association of Realtors (NAR)
nar.realtor

6. Credit Information

Your lender will pull your credit report to assess your creditworthiness.

  • You don’t provide the report directly, but reviewing your credit report beforehand is smart to correct any errors.

7. Purchase Agreement (Once Under Contract)

When your offer is accepted, you’ll sign a purchase agreement outlining terms and conditions.

  • Includes purchase price, contingencies, inspection deadlines, and closing date.

8. Additional Documents That May Be Required

Depending on your situation, lenders might ask for:

  • Divorce decree (to verify alimony or child support)

  • Bankruptcy discharge papers (if applicable)

  • Documentation of any other debts or obligations

Tips for Organizing Your Documents

  • Keep digital and physical copies in an organized folder

  • Respond promptly to lender requests to avoid delays

  • Work closely with your real estate agent and mortgage lender

Final Thoughts

Having your documents ready ahead of time can make buying a home less stressful and speed up loan approvals. Keep this checklist handy, and ask your lender or agent if you’re unsure about any specific paperwork.

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